About This Journal
Horticultural Science and Technology (abbr. Hortic. Sci. Technol., herein ‘HST’; ISSN, 1226-8763), one of the two official journals of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science (KSHS), was launched in 1998 to provide scientific and professional publication on technology and sciences of horticultural area. As an international journal, HST is published in English and Korean, bimonthly on the last day of even number months, and indexed in ‘SCIE’, ‘SCOPUS’ and ‘CABI’. The HST is devoted for the publication of technical and academic papers and review articles on such arears as cultivation physiology, protected horticulture, postharvest technology, genetics and breeding, tissue culture and biotechnology, and other related to vegetables, fruit, ornamental, and herbal plants.
2022 Impact Factor 1
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Research Article
- Comparison of Rutin Content, Anti-Cancer Activity, and Anti-Obesity Effect of Four Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) Cultivars
- Myoung Sun Kang, Thi Luyen Cao, Tae Heon Lee, Nathan Cho, Tae Gyu Yi, Nam il Park, Baul Ko, Ho Cheol Kim, Jong Hyang Bae, Yang Gyu Ku
- This study aimed to compare rutin content, anti-cancer activity against Calu-6 lung, HCT-116 colorectal, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and anti-obesity …
- This study aimed to compare rutin content, anti-cancer activity against Calu-6 lung, HCT-116 colorectal, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and anti-obesity activity of Jersey Giant, Jersey Supreme, NJ953, and UC157 asparagus cultivars. The rutin content in the spears of the four cultivars gradually decreased from the tip to the basal segments. In the spear tip segments, the rutin content of the Jersey Giant and UC157 cultivars was higher than that in the Jersey Supreme and NJ953 cultivars; whereas the rutin content in the basal segments of Jersey Supreme and UC157 spears was higher than that of Jersey Giant and NJ953 cultivars. The rutin content in the whole spear of the UC157 cultivar was significantly higher than that in Jersey Giant and NJ953 spears. Asparagus spears exhibited anti-cancer activity against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells more effectively than Calu-6 lung and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, as demonstrated by the lower viability of HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells compared to the viability of the other cancer cell lines. The Jersey Giant cultivar showed higher anti-cancer activity against Calu-6 lung cancer cell line at spear extract concentrations of 400 and 800 µg·mL-1. The UC157 cultivar showed higher anti-cancer activity against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells at spear extract concentrations from 100 to 800 µg·mL-1 compared to Jersey Giant and Jersey Supreme cultivars. The rutin content was negatively correlated with the viability of HCT-116 colorectal and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, indicating that the high rutin content of the UC157 cultivar is linked to high anti-cancer activity against HCT-116 colorectal and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The spear extracts from the four asparagus cultivars significantly decreased lipid accumulation. There were no significant differences in the effects to 3T3-L1 preadipocyte viability and lipid accumulation among the four cultivars. These results suggest the potential of the UC157 cultivar with its high rutin content and anti-cancer activity against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells, also suggest that the consumption of asparagus may contribute to the alleviation of obesity. - COLLAPSE
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Research Article
- Comparative Patterns of Physiological Responses to Cold Resistance of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim
- Shengyuan Liu, Xiumei Liu, Xinying Han, Huatian Wang, Ping Xu, Chunmei Zhang
- The pepper plant Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim (Z. bungeanum) is an economically important cash crop with both nutritional and medicinal value, …
- The pepper plant Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim (Z. bungeanum) is an economically important cash crop with both nutritional and medicinal value, but low-temperatures are a major factor affecting its normal growth and quality. Measuring its physiological and biochemical parameters is essential to distinguish clues that can help agriculturists select the proper types of Z. bungeanum with considerable tolerance to low-temperature stress. This study aims to investigate the cold tolerance of different Z. bungeanum types and provide the best cultivation area. Six excellent cultivars were compared in a low-temperature environment and the membership function method was used to analyze the relevant indicators. The results revealed a significant negative correlation between the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (p < 0.01), with both the SOD and peroxidase (POD) activity increasing during the early stages of exposure to low-temperature stress. The MDA and proline (Pro) contents increased with longer durations of low-temperature stress, whereas the chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased. Logistic modeling showed that the low-temperature semi-lethal temperature LT50 of leaf conductivity was from −12.7°C to 1.2°C. By means of a membership function analysis, the cold-tolerance abilities of the six cultivars of Z. bungeanum were comprehensively evaluated and were ranked as follows: ‘Xinongwuci’ and ‘Wucijiao’ are cold hardy, ‘Shaocidahongpao’ and ‘Huanggai’ are medium cold hardy, and ‘Shizitou’ and ‘Gelaowuci’ are low-temperature-sensitive cultivars. This study provides the necessary empirical basis for the selection and promotion of cold-resistant cultivars of Z. bungeanum. - COLLAPSE
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Research Article
- Phenotypic Variations in External and Internal Fruit Quality Traits of Different Plum Accessions
- Lehan Xia, Long Chen, Yuling Chen, Zhenyu Huang
- Chinese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is a fruit tree with a range of different fruit characteristics, such as different sizes, shapes, …
- Chinese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is a fruit tree with a range of different fruit characteristics, such as different sizes, shapes, flavors, textures, and colors. The relationships between the economic characteristics, nutritional components, functional components, and antioxidant activities of plum fruit have rarely been reported. In order to select new and superior varieties of Chinese plum that are suitable for promotion in north China, eight Chinese plum varieties mainly cultivated in Henan Province (‘Purple amber plum’, ‘Green crisp plum’, ‘French plum’, ‘Princess plum’, ‘Huangganli’, ‘Huangjuli’, and ‘Friar plum’ from Zhengzhou city, and ‘Friar plum’ from Pingdingshan city) and five new breed accessions (‘7–15 plum’, ‘4–12 plum’, ‘1–24 plum’, ‘3–11 plum’, and ‘4–22 plum’) were used as subjects, with the main appearance indexes, nutrient components, functional components, and extract antioxidant activities from these fruits determined and analyzed. The results show that the same accessions of Chinese plum in different regions had the same fruit shape index values, whereas their fruit sizes, nutrient components, functional components and antioxidant activities showed significant differences. The total sugar content was extremely significantly positively correlated with reduced sugar contents and vitamin C (Vc) contents in the different accessions, with correlation coefficients of 0.926 and 0.708, respectively. The flavonoid contents and total phenolic contents in different accessions of plum fruits had an extremely significant positive correlation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.979 obtained. The flavonoid contents and total phenolic contents were significantly positively correlated with the ·OH scavenging capacity, showing correlation coefficients of 0.664 and 0.650, respectively. ‘Princess plum’ and ‘French plum’ had high flavonoid contents, total phenolic contents, and ·OH scavenging capacity levels; the ‘4–12 plum’ had a high triterpenoid acid content and DPPH· scavenging capacity; and ‘Huangganli’ had a high triterpenoid acid content and ·O2-scavenging capacity. These results confirm that Chinese plums are a good source of natural phenolic antioxidants. - COLLAPSE
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Research Article
- Different Activities of Pectin-degrading Enzymes Affecting the Growth of Asian Pears
- Yun-Ju Baek, Sang Wook Park, Bok-Rye Lee, Ung Yang, Sol Han, Seung Gon Wi, Sang-Hyun Lee
- Fruit size is determined by the number and size of cells resulting from cell division and expansion, which are correlated with changes …
- Fruit size is determined by the number and size of cells resulting from cell division and expansion, which are correlated with changes in the cell wall content. The pivotal roles of pectin-methylesterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG) have been well documented with regard to fruit ripening. Therefore, this study analyzed fruit growth and pectin contents for three consecutive years (from 2019 to 2021) until 180 days after full bloom (DAFB) at 15-day intervals to examine how pectin in the cell wall components affects fruit growth and development. Although there were no differences in the fruit size at harvest for these three years, the absolute fruit growth rate (AGR) peaked most rapidly in 2020, reaching the maximum fruit size earlier compared to the other two years. The pectin content of fruits in 2020, which showed the fastest growth, remained at a low level early in the growing season compared to those in the other years. The change in the pattern of the gradual increase in the PG activity with a decrease in the PME activity resulted in correspondingly different intersecting points over the three years. We found that the intersection of PME and PG activities observed in the order of 2020, 2021, and 2019 was identical to the order when the fruits reached their final weight. Interestingly, this timeline coincided with the point in time when the AGR increased rapidly over these three years. Differences in fruit volume increases, pectin contents, and pectin-degrading enzyme activities observed during fruit growth over three years suggest that the intersection of PME and PG activities is one of the key factors influencing cell expansion activation. Taken together, these results indicate that the intersection of PME and PG activities may affect the pectin content during fruit growth and development, which in turn affects the fruit growth rate in Asian pears. - COLLAPSE
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Research Article
- Chlorella Foliar Application Promote Growth and Post-Harvest Storage Characteristics in Melon
- Yoon Go, Beom Seon Lee, Eun Ji Kim, Se Hun Ju, Jin Sub Park, Haeyoung Na
- This study aimed to determine the appropriate concentration of chlorella foliar application to promote the growth and post-harvest storage of melons. The …
- This study aimed to determine the appropriate concentration of chlorella foliar application to promote the growth and post-harvest storage of melons. The SPAD values and the number of leaves were higher in the groups treated with 250 and 500 times diluted chlorella solution compared to the other treatment groups. Based on the results of the leaf number, it is anticipated that chlorella foliar application can have a positive effect on reducing the phenomenon of defoliation. The fresh weight and ratio of dry weight showed the lowest values in the untreated control group, whereas the groups treated with 250 and 500 times diluted chlorella solution exhibited the highest values. The Brix of melons rapidly decreased from six days storage, with the fruits in the untreated group showing the lowest values. The internal hardness of the fruits was highest in the 250 times diluted chlorella solution treated group after 12 days of storage, but from the 14th day onwards, it decreased overall. In contrast, the external hardness of melons in the untreated group continuously decreased compared to that in the treated groups after 12–17 days of storage, showing significantly lower values. The total polyphenol content in fruits was highest in the 500 times diluted chlorella solution compared to the other treatment groups. The free sugar content of fruits treated with 250 times diluted chlorella solution was higher than in the other treatment groups. The polyphenol, sucrose, and glucose contents were most effective in the chlorella-treated groups at concentrations of 250, and 500 times diluted chlorella solution, respectively. Leaf numbers were most effective at 1,000 and 500 times, while ratio of dry weight was most effective at 250 and 500 times. And Internal hardness and Brix were most effective at 1,000 times. In conclusion, the comprehensive analysis of all experimental results indicates that all chlorella-treated groups exhibited greater efficacy compared to the control group. Therefore, chlorella, which exerts a positive influence on the growth and postharvest storage of melons, can serve as a complementary biofertilizer to supplement chemical fertilizers. As a result, it is believed that foliar application of chlorella can offer consumers healthy, safe, and high-quality agricultural products. - COLLAPSE
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Research Article
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Configuration of the Tree Shape in a Bi-axis Apple Orchard using ‘Fuji’/M.9 Grafted Plants – Tree Growth and Productivity during Early Years According to the Planting Distance
‘후지’/M.9 접목묘를 이용한 사과나무 2축 수형 구성과 재식거리에 따른 초기 생장과 생산성
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Byeong-Ho Choi, Chung-Sil Kim, Young-Ju Jeong, Jong-Hun Jeon, Bae-Yeon Shin, Tae-Myung Yoon
최병호, 김충실, 정영주, 전종훈, 신배연, 윤태명
- This study was carried out in a bi-axis apple orchard with various planting distances (between- and within-row spacing at 3 m×1.5 m …
본 연구는 ‘후지’/M.9 접목묘를 이용하여 다양한 재식밀도(열간거리 3m × 주간거리 1.5m, 1.2m, 1.0m, 0.8m)로 사과나무 2축형 과원을 조성하고 개원초기 4년간 수형구성 방법 …
- This study was carried out in a bi-axis apple orchard with various planting distances (between- and within-row spacing at 3 m×1.5 m and 1.2 m, 1.0 m, 0.8 m, respectively) using ‘Fuji’/M.9 grafts to manipulate the tree shape during the early years of the orchard’s lifespan (up to four years after planting) and to compare tree growth outcomes and initial yields according to the planting distance. The configuration of a bi-axis tree shape with a narrow canopy width requires pinching of the shoots during the growing season, the removal of water sprouts or branches competing with the main stem after August, and the shortening of overly long/thick branches or renewal pruning in winter. In the early years of orchard establishment, vegetative growth decreased as the planting density increased, whereas the formation of spur-type fruit-bearing branches tended to increase. The light interception during the fourth year of planting was 37–42%, and there were no differences between the planting methods. The cumulative yields (kg/tree) were 8.7, 9.3, 9.9, and 10.3 at planting distances of 1.5 m, 1.2 m, 1.0 m, and 0.8 m, respectively. The yield increased with a decrease in the planting distance. In conclusion, the results here suggest that the bending of branches during the configuration of the tree shape in bi-axis orchards is not necessary. Until the fourth year of the establishment of the bi-axis apple orchard, with an increase in the planting density, the vegetative growth decreased, favoring fruit formation and an increased cumulative yield per tree. At a planting distance of 0.8 m, however, tree vigor was reduced slightly.
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본 연구는 ‘후지’/M.9 접목묘를 이용하여 다양한 재식밀도(열간거리 3m × 주간거리 1.5m, 1.2m, 1.0m, 0.8m)로 사과나무 2축형 과원을 조성하고 개원초기 4년간 수형구성 방법 모색과 재식밀도에 따른 나무생육과 조기 수량을 비교하고자 실시하였다. 수폭이 좁은 2축형 수관 구성은 생육기 순지르기, 도장지 또는 원줄기와 경쟁하는 가지는 8월 이후 제거, 너무 길거나 굵은 가지는 겨울철 단축 또는 갱신전정을 하는 관리방법이 필요하다. 유목기 영양생장은 재식밀도가 높을수록 감소하였던 반면, 단과지형 결과지 형성은 오히려 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 재식 4년차 수광률은 37–42%로 재식거리 간에 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 주당 누적 수량은 1.5m, 1.2m, 1.0m, 0.8m에서 각각 8.7kg, 9.3kg, 9.9kg, 10.3kg으로 재식밀도가 높을수록 증가하였다. 결론적으로 2축형 수관 구성에 있어 가지 유인은 반드시 고려해야 할 재배기술은 아닌 것으로 여겨진다. 2축형 과원조성 4년차까지는 재식밀도가 증가할수록 영양생장은 감소하였고 과일벽 형태의 수형 구성에 유리하였으며 주당 누적 생산량은 증가하였다. 다만, 주간거리 0.8m에서는 상대적으로 다소 수세가 저하되는 것으로 평가되었다.
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Configuration of the Tree Shape in a Bi-axis Apple Orchard using ‘Fuji’/M.9 Grafted Plants – Tree Growth and Productivity during Early Years According to the Planting Distance
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Research Article
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Evaluation of Grafted Tomatoes with Different Levels of Resistance of Rootstocks to TYLCV by Analyzing the Growth Characteristics, Leaf-macronutrient Content, and Chlorophyll Fluorescence
접목 토마토의 생육 특성, 엽 내 양분 함량 및 엽록소형광 분석을 통한 황화잎말림바이러스(TYLCV)에 대한 대목 성능 검정
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Hyewon Lee, Hyo Bong Jeong, Jun Gu Lee, Indeok Hwang, Deok Ho Kwon, Yul Kyun Ahn
이혜원, 정효봉, 이준구, 황인덕, 권덕호, 안율균
- The grafting technique has widely been used with fruits and vegetables in an effort to increase productivity for long-term cultivation. For long-term …
토마토 접목묘는 재배기술이 향상됨에 따라 장기재배를 위해 많이 사용되고 있을 뿐 아니라 토마토 바이러스에 대한 저항성을 가진 대목의 경우 바이러스에 감염되어도 접수 …
- The grafting technique has widely been used with fruits and vegetables in an effort to increase productivity for long-term cultivation. For long-term cultivation, the result is increased vigor provided by the rootstock, which allows the scion to grow longer, even in the presence of a virus. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of rootstocks having different TYLCV- resistance levels by comparatively analyzing the growth, yield, nutrient concentration in the petiole sap, and chlorophyll fluorescence in tomatoes grown via a hydroponics system. The domestic cultivars ‘HSF4’ and ‘BWM’ were used as the TYLCV-susceptible rootstocks, and ‘21LM’ and ‘21A701’ were used as the TYLCV-resistant rootstocks. The tomato variety ‘Red250’ was used as the TYLCV-resistant scion and the non-grafted control plants. The tomato plants were infected overall with TYLCV at ten weeks after transplanting. Grafted tomatoes on the TYLCV- resistant rootstocks ‘21A701’ and ‘21LM’ were vigorous, and the yields were 7,999g and 7,754g respectively, correspondingly higher by 25% and 22% than those using the TYLCV-susceptible rootstock ‘BWM’. Moreover, the growth strength of ‘21A701’ was highest compared to the others. The NO3-N concentration of ‘21A701’ was highest at 1,211mg·L-1, and that of ‘BWM’ was lowest at 835mg·L-1 at 36 weeks after transplanting. The K+ concentration of ‘21A701’ was highest at 4,050mg·L-1, and the non-grafted case was lowest at 3,350mg·L-1. The maximum quantum yield of the primary PSⅡ photochemistry (FV/FM) and the performance index based on the absorption (PIABS) of ‘21LM’ were highest at 0.803 and 2.990, respectively. The non-grafted samples were lowest at 0.739 and 1.422, respectively. The grafted plants on the TYLCV-resistant rootstocks had high vigor of the root system and greater mineral and water uptake levels, leading to an increased yield, likely due to the high concentrations of nutrients reaching the leaves and the high photosynthetic efficiency. The use of TYLCV-resistant rootstocks was required to improve the yields up to the late harvest stage. We concluded that tomato grafting onto TYLCV-resistant rootstocks can increase the uptake of mineral nutrition and the photosynthetic efficiency, thereby affecting plant growth and the fruit yield.
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토마토 접목묘는 재배기술이 향상됨에 따라 장기재배를 위해 많이 사용되고 있을 뿐 아니라 토마토 바이러스에 대한 저항성을 가진 대목의 경우 바이러스에 감염되어도 접수 생육을 유지시켜 작기 후반까지 재배 가능하도록 돕는다. 본 연구는 수경재배 시 토마토 대목 종류에 따른 생육과 수량 차이, 엽병 분석 및 광합성 효율을 측정하여 국내 개발 대목의 성능과 TYLCV 저항성 수준을 검정하고자 수행하였다. 실험재료는 국내 개발 대목 중 TYLCV 감수성 계통으로 ‘HSF4’와 ‘BWM’을, TYLCV 저항성 계통으로 ‘21LM’과 ‘21A701’을 사용하여 접목한 처리구 4개와 TY 내병계 품종 ‘Red250’을 사용하여 접수와 비접목 처리구로 사용하였다. 모든 처리구는 정식 후 10주에 TYLCV 감염을 진단받고 정식 후 18주부터 수확이 시작되었다. TYLCV 저항성 대목을 사용한 ‘21A701’와 ‘21LM’ 처리구는 주당 총 수량이 7,999g과 7,754g으로 TYLCV 감수성 대목을 사용한 ‘BWM’보다 각각 25%와 22% 높았고 생장강도는 ‘21A701’이 처리구 중 가장 높았다. 정식 후 36주의 엽병 즙액 내 NO3-N 농도는 ‘21A701’이 1,211mg·L-1로 가장 높았고 ‘BWM’이 835mg·L-1로 가장 낮았으며, K+ 농도는 ‘21A701’이 4,050mg·L-1로 가장 높았고 비접목 처리구가 3,350mg·L-1로 가장 낮았다. 정식 후 36주에 ‘21LM’의 FV/FM과 PIABS는 각각 0.803과 2.990으로 높았고 비접목 처리구는 각각 0.739와 1.422로 낮았다. TYLCV 저항성 대목을 사용한 접목 처리구는 바이러스에 감염되었음에도 뿌리 활력이 강해 생육 후기까지 양분 흡수와 광합성 효율이 높아 접수의 생육을 유지해 총 수량이 많은 것으로 판단된다. 처리 간 생육과 수량의 정도가 엽병 즙액 내 양분 함량과 엽록소형광 수치와 비례하여 체 내 영양진단과 광합성 효율 측정을 통해 대목의 성능을 검정할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.
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Evaluation of Grafted Tomatoes with Different Levels of Resistance of Rootstocks to TYLCV by Analyzing the Growth Characteristics, Leaf-macronutrient Content, and Chlorophyll Fluorescence
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Research Article
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Differences in Fruit and Seed Characteristics of Kiwifruit ‘Haeguem’ and ‘Redvita’ Affected by Pollen Donors
수분수 종류에 따른 키위프루트 ‘해금’과 ‘레드비타’의 과실 및 종자 특성의 차이
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Mockhee Lee, Hong Lim Kim, Jae-Ho Joa, Yong-Bum Kwack, Jin Gook Kim
이목희, 김홍림, 좌재호, 곽용범, 김진국
- This study sought to evaluate fruit and seed characteristics after pollination by four pollen donors, denoted here as ‘SKK2’, ‘Deliwoong’, ‘Pohwa’, and …
본 연구는 국내 육성 품종인 ‘Haeguem’과 ‘Redvita’에 네가지 수분수 ‘SKK2’, ‘Deliwoong’, ‘Pohwa’, ‘Chieftain’의 꽃가루로 인공수분하여 과실 품질과 종자 특성에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 …
- This study sought to evaluate fruit and seed characteristics after pollination by four pollen donors, denoted here as ‘SKK2’, ‘Deliwoong’, ‘Pohwa’, and ‘Chieftain’, and to select the best pollen donors for producing commercial fruits from the domestic kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) cultivars ‘Haeguem’ and ‘Redvita’. The fruit setting rates of ‘Haeguem’ and ‘Redvita’, which were pollinated by four pollen donors, exceeded 90% for two years. In the ‘Haeguem’ and ‘Redvita’ cases, the weight of the fruits was heaviest with ‘Chieftain’ and lightest with ‘Pohwa’. Regarding the fruit characteristics of ‘Haeguem’, the dry matter content and soluble solids content were highest for ‘Pohwa’ in 2019, and the malic and quinic acid contents were highest for two years with ‘SKK2’, whereas the other traits were not significant. The total number of seeds was highest with ‘Chieftain’ and lowest with ‘SKK2’ for two years. In ‘Redvita’, the dry matter content was high with ‘SKK2’ and ‘Deliwoong’ in 2019 and the level of titratable acidity was lowest for two years with ‘SKK2’, whereas the soluble solids content, organic acid content, and flesh color did not show significant results. The total number of seeds and the number of mature seeds in ‘Redvita’ were highest with ‘SKK2’, but the number of immature seeds was highest with ‘Chieftain’.
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본 연구는 국내 육성 품종인 ‘Haeguem’과 ‘Redvita’에 네가지 수분수 ‘SKK2’, ‘Deliwoong’, ‘Pohwa’, ‘Chieftain’의 꽃가루로 인공수분하여 과실 품질과 종자 특성에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 상업적 과실 생산에 적합한 꽃가루 품종을 선발하고자 수행되었다. 각각의 꽃가루로 인공수분한 결과, ‘Haeguem’ 과 ‘Redvita’의 착과율은 2년간 모두 90% 이상이었다. ‘Haeguem’과 ‘Redvita’ 모두 ‘Chieftain’ 처리에서 과중이 가장 높았고 ‘Pohwa’ 처리에서 과중이 낮은 양상을 보였다. ‘Haeguem’의 과실 품질 조사 결과, 건물률과 가용성 고형물 함량은 2019년에 ‘Pohwa’ 처리에서 가장 높았으며 malic acid와 quinic acid 는 ‘SKK2’ 처리에서 높았고 이외의 형질은 처리 간 차이가 없었다. ‘Haeguem’의 총 종자 수는 ‘Chieftain’ 처리에서 가장 많았고 ‘SKK2’ 처리에서 가장 적었다. ‘Redvita’의 과실 품질 조사 결과, 건물률은 2019년에 ‘SKK2’와 ‘Deliwoong’ 처리에서 높게 나타났고 가용성 고형물 함량은 처리 간 차이가 없었다. 산 함량은 ‘SKK2’ 처리에서 가장 낮았으며 과육색과 유기산 함량에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. ‘Redvita’의 총 종자 수와 성숙 종자 수는 ‘SKK2’ 처리에서 가장 많았고 미숙 종자 수는 ‘Chieftain’ 처리에서 가장 많았다.
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Differences in Fruit and Seed Characteristics of Kiwifruit ‘Haeguem’ and ‘Redvita’ Affected by Pollen Donors
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Research Article
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Relationship between the Temperature Characteristics and the Occurrence of Watercore at Various Altitudes in ‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’ Apples
사과 ‘홍로’와 ‘후지’의 지대별 밀 발생과 온도특성과의 관계
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Soon Ki Kim, Dong Geun Choi, Young Min Choi
김순기, 최동근, 최영민
- This study investigated the aspects of watercore symptoms due to climate condition in three different regions (coast: a coastal farm at an …
본 연구는 사과 ‘홍로’와 ‘후지’(Malus domestica Borkh)를 대상으로 재배지역 고도(해안부: 해발고도 12m의 해안가 인접 과원, 평야부: 해발고도 44m의 내륙평야부 과원, 산간부: …
- This study investigated the aspects of watercore symptoms due to climate condition in three different regions (coast: a coastal farm at an altitude of 12 meters, plains: an inland farm at an altitude of 44 meters, mountain: a highland farm at an altitude of 541 meters) in the Jeonbuk area of ‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh). The pattern of watercore occurrence showed a water-soaked form without various regional distinctions, with the watercore tending to move toward the ovary as the apples approached maturity. In addition, ‘Hongro’ had a higher degree of watercore occurrence than ‘Fuji’ apples. As a result of comparing the watercore occurrence and temperature characteristics associated with the fruit maturation period, the results for ‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’ apples were found to be closely related to the daily maximum temperature when it exceeded 30°C and the daily minimum temperature when it was less than 10°C, respectively. Therefore, watercore occurrence in ‘Hongro’ apples was found to be a ‘maturity, high-temperature responsive type’ caused by high temperatures, and that in ‘Fuji’ apples was a ‘maturity, low-temperature responsive type’ caused by low temperatures during the fruit maturation period. Among the fruit quality factors, the number of seeds was significantly higher in normal fruits than in watercored fruits, but there were no significant differences in other factors. The relative free sugar contents were in the order of fructose > sucrose, glucose > sorbitol for the two cultivars. Also, watercored tissue showed higher sorbitol levels and lower glucose and sucrose levels than normal tissue (in normal fruit and normal tissue inside the watercored fruit).
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본 연구는 사과 ‘홍로’와 ‘후지’(Malus domestica Borkh)를 대상으로 재배지역 고도(해안부: 해발고도 12m의 해안가 인접 과원, 평야부: 해발고도 44m의 내륙평야부 과원, 산간부: 해발고도 541m에 위치한 과원)의 기상 특성에 따라 밀 증상 발생정도와 양상의 차이를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 밀 발생 양상은 지대 구분없이 수침상의 형태로 나타났으며, 수확기에 이르러 씨방쪽으로 이동하는 경향이었다. 또한 상대적으로 ‘홍로’가 ‘후지’ 사과보다 발생정도가 심하였다. 과실 성숙기 밀 발생과 온도특성을 비교한 결과, ‘홍로’와 ‘후지’는 각각 일최고온도와 30°C 이상, 일최저온도와 10°C 미만 온도와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 따라서 ‘홍로’의 밀 발생은 과실 성숙기 고온에 의해 나타나는 ‘성숙기, 고온 반응형’, ‘후지’는 저온에 의해 나타나는 ‘성숙기, 저온 반응형’인 것으로 조사되었다. 과실품질 중 종자 개수는 정상과가 밀 증상과 보다 유의하게 높았으나 다른 조사항목에서는 통계적 차이가 없었다. 상대적인 유리당 함량은 두 품종 모두 fructose > sucrose, glucose > sorbitol의 순서로 나타났다. 또한 밀 증상 조직은 정상 조직(정상 과실 및 밀 증상과의 정상 조직)보다 sorbitol 함량이 많고 glucose 및 fructose의 함량이 낮게 나타났다.
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Relationship between the Temperature Characteristics and the Occurrence of Watercore at Various Altitudes in ‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’ Apples
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Research Article
- Tug of War-Who is the Winner? Canker Disease Restructures the Endophytic Bacterial Community of Citrus
- Jian-Yu Zhou, Yi Zhang, Wen-Ping Xu, Misbah Naz, Xiao-Meng Li, Xu Li, Bi-Ying Zhao, Shan-Shan Qi, Zhi-Cong Dai, Dao-Lin Du
- High-throughput sequencing and a 16S rRNA gene clone library amplicon analysis were used to study the endophytic microbial diversity in citrus leaves …
- High-throughput sequencing and a 16S rRNA gene clone library amplicon analysis were used to study the endophytic microbial diversity in citrus leaves in response to a Xanthomonas citri pv. Citri (Xcc) infection in an effort to develop a biocontrol scheme for citrus canker disease. There are more species of moderate citrus canker disease (MCD) than severe citrus canker disease (SCD) in terms of both Shannon and Simpson index measurements. Taxonomy has shown that the MCD Firmicutes group (25.2%) outnumber the SCD group (0.55%). Some Firmicutes can suppress Xcc, but in SCD leaves, they are in a competitive position and do not have a dominating niche; therefore, their population is greatly decreased. Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium, two genera of the phylum Proteobacteria, are growth-promoting and stress-resistant in most plants and comprise approximately 60% of the SCD group, whereas the MCD group was less abundant. In conclusion, citrus canker disease restructures bacterial communities in infected leaves, causing the endophytic community to evolve toward “weakening its spear and strengthening its shield.” This research provides support for the idea that introducing helpful bacterial strains in advance may alter the relative abundance of bacteria in a given area and hence decrease the likelihood of infection by harmful bacteria. The future of sequencing technology lies in research on microbial community functions, the elucidation of plant processes and pathogen occurrence, and support for the development of plant biological control technologies. - COLLAPSE