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2025 Vol.43, Issue 3 Preview Page

Research Article

Proteome Differences Expressed in the Peel of ‘Hongro’ and ‘Greenball’ Apples
Sung Hwan Choi15†
,
Ho Yong Shin2†
,
Jae Ho Kim2
,
Yun-Hee Kim35
,
Jin Gook Kim15
,
Jung-Sung Chung45
,
Jeong Jin Hong6
,
Eun Ho Jeong6
,
Kyunghee Lee7
,
Eun-Sil Chang8
,
Young-Geol Sohn9
,
Jeung Joo Lee15*
1Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
2Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
3Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
4Department of Agricultural Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
5Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
6Apple Utilization Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Geochang 50124, Korea
7Core-Facility Center for High-Tech Materials Analysis, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
8Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Jinju 52733, Korea
9Yenong Company, Jinju Bioindustry Foundation, Jinju 52839, Korea
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
30 June 2025. pp. 373-387
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

The peel colors of ‘Hongro’ and ‘Greenball’, apple cultivars bred and cultivated in Korea, were deep red and greenish yellow, respectively, at the time of harvest. ‘Hongro’ had more peel redness than ‘Greenball’, while ‘Greenball’ had more peel yellowness (b value) than ‘Hongro’. As a result of separating proteins extracted from the peels of the two apple cultivars by means of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), 17 protein spots in ‘Hongro’ and 12 in ‘Greenball’ exhibited expression rates more than twice those in the other cultivar. Through a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass (MALDI-TOF/TOF) analysis, ten spots in ‘Hongro’ and five spots in ‘Greenball’ were identified as proteins with specific physiological functions. In’ Hongro’, the following proteins were expressed at higher levels than in ‘Greenball’: NADP-dependent malic enzyme (spot 1), enolase-like (spot 2), formate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (spots 3 and 9) and glyoxalase Ⅰ (spot 13) involved in carbohydrate metabolism; 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 2-like (spot 6) catalyzing the biosynthesis of JA, a type of plant hormone; β-(cyanoalanine synthase) CAS 1 (spot 8) involved in amino acid metabolism; L-ascorbate peroxidase (AP) 2, cytosolic (spot 17) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)-like (spot 19), a type of antioxidant enzyme; and agglutinin alpha chain-like (spot 21), an allergen. In ‘Greenball’, the following proteins were expressed at higher levels than in ‘Hongro’: DJ-1 homolog D-like (spot 4) and thiamine thiazole synthase, chloroplastic (spot 11), which are involved in carbohydrate metabolism; ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) activase, chloroplastic-like (spot 5), oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1, chloroplastic (spot 16), and PsbP domain (PPD)-containing protein (spot 18), all of which are involved in photosynthesis. Meanwhile, among the proteins whose expression rates differed between ‘Hongro and ‘Greenball’, no proteins directly related to the development of peel color were identified. Additionally, seven proteins in ‘Hongro’ and seven in ‘Greenball’ were identified as unidentified or uncharacterized proteins. These results can be used for a wide range of studies related to the sensory quality, characteristics, production, and preservation of apples and can also serve as basic data for improving target traits in the breeding of new varieties.

키워드
deep red
Greenball
greenish yellow
Hongro
physiological function
proteomics
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  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국원예학회
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Volume : 43
  • No :3
  • Pages :373-387
  • Received Date : 2024-10-02
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-31
  • Accepted Date : 2025-01-06
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20250035
Journal Informaiton Horticultural Science and Technology Horticultural Science and Technology
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