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2023 Vol.41, Issue 4 Preview Page

Research Article

Effects of the Air Temperature and Root Zone Temperature in Greenhouses on the Early Growth of Tomatoes

온실 내 대기온도와 근권부 온도가 토마토 초기생육에 미치는 영향

Se Hun Ju1†
,
Beom Seon Lee2†
,
Eun Ji Kim1
,
Yoon Go3
,
Jin Sub Park3
,
Haeyoung Na34*
주 세훈1†
,
이 범선2†
,
김 은지1
,
고 윤3
,
박 진섭3
,
나 해영34*
1Department of Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
2Intelligent Technology Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Korea
3Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
4Mokpo National University Nature Resource Institute, Muan 58554, Korea
1국립목포대학교 일반대학원 원예학과
2국립순천대학교 지능기술연구소
3국립목포대학교 원예과학과
4국립목포대학교 자연자원개발 연구소
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
31 August 2023. pp. 390-402
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Abstract

In this study, experiments were conducted to develop an efficient method of the early cultivation of tomatoes by implementing temperature control in the root zone. The greenhouse air temperature was maintained at 20, 25, 30, and 35°C during the daytime (12 hours) and at 18°C during the nighttime (12 hours). The experiment was conducted by setting the root zone temperature to 15, 20, 25, and 30°C for each air temperature. The growth of seedlings was found to be optimal when the root zone temperature was adjusted to 25 and 30°C for an air temperature of 30°C and the root zone temperature was adjusted to 20 and 25°C for an air temperature of 35°C. Regarding the root length, overall growth was favorable when the root zone temperature was adjusted to 20°C across all air temperature conditions. The leaf area and number of leaves showed the best growth when treated with a combination of an air temperature of 35°C and a root zone temperature of 25°C. The T/R ratio reached its high point at a root zone temperature 15°C due to the inhibited root growth. The compactness of tomato seedlings was high in the treatment with a root zone temperature of 20 in all air temperature treatment. The CGR (crop growth rate) and RGR (relative growth rate) were favorable at the root zone temperature of 20°C at all air temperature treatments. Based on the overall experimental results, it can be concluded that setting the root zone temperature to 20 or 25°C is effective for the early growth of tomatoes at air temperatures of 25, 30, and 35°C. The results of this study can help when regulating the early growth of crops in high and low air temperature conditions.

Keywords
CGR
compactness
leaf area
plant height
RGR
T/R ratio

본 연구는 근권부 온도 조절을 통한 효율적인 토마토 초기재배법을 개발하기 위해 실험을 수행하였다. 온실 대기온도는 주간 20, 25, 30 및 35°C 야간 18°C로 조절하였고, 근권부 온도는 각각의 대기온도에 15, 20, 25 및 30°C로 설정하여 실험을 진행하였다. 초장은 대기온도 30°C에 근권부 온도 25, 30°C, 그리고 대기온도 35°C에 근권부 온도 20, 25°C로 조절하였을 생육이 가장 좋았다. 근장은 모든 대기온도에서 근권부 온도를 20°C로 조절하였을 때 전체적으로 생육이 좋았다. 엽면적과 엽수는 대기온도 35°C와 근권부 온도 25°C를 조합처리 하였을 때 가장 높은 수치를 나타내었다. T/R율은 근권부 온도가 저온일 때 높았고, 묘 충실도는 근권부 온도 20°C 처리가 모든 대기온도 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 작물생장율과 상대생장율도 모든 대기온도 처리구에서 근권부 온도 20°C 처리한 것이 가장 생장속도가 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합적으로 보았을 때 대기온도 25, 30, 35°C에서 근권부 온도를 20, 25°C로 설정하였을 때 토마토 초기 생육에 효과적이었다. 본 연구 결과는 고온기 및 저온기에 단기간 작물의 초기생육을 조절하는데 도움을 줄 뿐 아니라 식물공장과 같은 밀폐된 공간에서 에너지 절감형 재배 기술을 개발하는데 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

키워드
상대생장율
엽면적
작물생장율
충실도
초장
T/R율
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Volume : 41
  • No :4
  • Pages :390-402
  • Received Date : 2023-04-13
  • Revised Date : 2023-07-23
  • Accepted Date : 2023-07-26
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20230036
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