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Research Article

Comparison of Climate between a Semi-closed and Conventional Greenhouse in the Winter Season

동절기 반밀폐형 온실과 일반형 온실의 시설 내부 기상 환경 비교

Yong Hwan Jeon1†
,
Eun Ji Kim2†
,
Se Hun Ju2
,
Dong-Ju Myung3
,
Kyu Ha Kim4
,
Soung Ju Lee5
,
Haeyoung Na67*
전 용환1†
,
김 은지2†
,
주 세훈2
,
명 동주3
,
김 규하4
,
이 성주5
,
나 해영67*
1Department of Horticulture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
2Department of Horticulture, Graduate School of Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
3SUNINUS Farming Corporation, Gangjin 59251, Korea
4Artfarm Farming Corporation, Gangjin 59241, Korea
5Energy Farms Corporation, Daejeon 35368, Korea
6Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
7Mokpo National University Nature Resource Institute, Muan, 58554, Korea
1전남대학교 원예학과
2국립목포대학교 일반대학원 원예학과
3농업회사법인 주식회사 써니너스
4아트팜 영농조합법인
5에너지팜스 주식회사
6국립목포대학교 자연과학대학 원예과학과
7국립목포대학교 자연자원개발연구소
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
31 August 2022. pp. 400-409
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Abstract

This study analyzed and compared the air temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, solar radiation, and electricity consumption data collected from the climate control software of a semi-closed and a conventional greenhouse in the winter season. There was no difference in the daytime temperature between the semi-closed and the conventional greenhouse, but there was a statistically significant difference in night temperature, which was 18.0 ± 0.8°C for the conventional greenhouse and 18.8 ± 0.8°C for the semi-closed greenhouse. As the outside temperature decreased, the difference became larger in January. The change in the daytime humidity deficit (HD) with respect to the amount of global radiation was significantly different between the two greenhouses; it was 0.08 g·kg-1 for the semi-closed greenhouse and 0.15 g·kg-1 for the conventional greenhouse per 1 MJ·m-2 of radiation. As a result of comparing the average 24-hour HD in the two greenhouses, it was found that the humidity in the conventional greenhouse was higher and the coefficient of variation was much larger, indicating a large deviation in the humidity change. There was no difference in the average daytime CO2 concentration between the two greenhouses, but at night, there was a significant difference; it was 682.1 ± 103.7 ppm in the conventional greenhouse and 762.7 ± 107.4 ppm in the semi-closed greenhouse. In winter, the average electricity consumption was 13.8 kWh·m-2 in the semi-closed greenhouse and 15.3 kWh·m-2 in the conventional greenhouse; it was significantly higher in the conventional greenhouse. These results suggest that the semi-closed greenhouse has a high energy efficiency and is capable of uniform crop growth by stably maintaining the internal climate environment of the facility.

Keywords
climate control
CO2 concentration
diffused glass
humidity deficit
ventilation

본 연구에서는 동절기 반밀폐형 온실과 일반형 온실의 환경제어 프로그램에서 수집된 온도, 습도, CO2, 광, 에너지 사용량을 비교 분석하였다. 반밀폐형 온실과 일반형 온실의 주간 온도는 차이가 없었으나 야간온도에서는 일반형 온실 18.0 ± 0.8°C, 반밀폐형 온실 18.8 ± 0.8°C로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 발생하였으며 외부 온도가 낮았던 1월에는 일반형 온실의 온도가 낮아지며 그 차이가 더 커졌다. 외부 광량에 대한 주간 수분 부족분의 변화는 누적 광량 1MJ·m-2당 반밀폐형 온실은 0.08g·kg-1, 일반형 온실은 0.15g·kg-1의 차이가 발생해 일반형 온실의 습도가 광량의 변화에 대한 영향을 크게 받았다. 두 온실의 24시간 수분부족분의 평균을 비교한 결과 일반형 온실의 습도가 높았으며 변동 계수도 훨씬 커 습도 변화의 편차가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 주간 평균 CO2 농도는 두 온실 간에 차이가 없었으나 야간에는 일반형 온실 682.1 ± 103.7ppm, 반밀폐형 온실 762.7 ± 107.4ppm로 차이가 인정되었다. 동절기 단위 면적당 평균 전기 사용량은 반밀폐형 온실에서 13.8kWh·m-2, 일반형 온실은 15.3kWh·m-2로 일반형 온실이 높았다. 따라서, 반밀폐형 온실이 에너지 효율이 높고 시설 내부 환경을 안정적으로 유지하여 균일한 작물 생육이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

키워드
기후조절
이산화탄소 농도
산란광유리
수분부족분
환기
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Volume : 40
  • No :4
  • Pages :400-409
  • Received Date : 2022-04-12
  • Revised Date : 2022-05-04
  • Accepted Date : 2022-05-16
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20220036
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