Analysis of the Relationship between Sweet Pepper Stem Growth and Labor Load

Jeong Hyun Lee; Dong Ju Myeong; Gyoung Ho Shin; Kyu Ha Kim; Beom-Seon Lee; Yong Hwan Jeon; Gyu Hyeon Park

doi:10.7235/HORT.20220035

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2022 Vol.40, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

Analysis of the Relationship between Sweet Pepper Stem Growth and Labor Load 파프리카의 줄기 생장과 노동부하의 관계 분석

31 August 2022. pp. 388-399

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Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the relationship between days after planting or growing degree days (GDD) and the number of labor hours spent on stem training, pruning, and harvesting of sweet pepper cultivated in commercial glass greenhouses. A model was developed for estimating the labor hours according to plant height. In three large-scale (>1 ha) glass greenhouse sites (1, 2, and 3), the weekly stem growth in height, number of fruit, and yield were measured manually for sweet pepper and other solanaceous crops, and different types of labor hours were recorded by a labor management system during the cultivation period. The percentage of labor hours spent on stem training, pruning, and harvesting was high for sweet pepper, at 70.4% of the total labor hours in greenhouse cultivation management. There was a significant relationship between stem elongation rate and days after planting (p = 0.008) but not between stem elongation rate and GDD (p = 0.331). Consequently, to reach a stem length of 15 cm, the GDD needs to be 148.5°Cd. Fruit production per unit area showed a significant linear relationship with GDD, and the rate was the highest at site 2, where the average temperature was higher than that at the other sites. The ratio of labor hours per 1,000 m² for pruning and harvesting was 38.7% and 33.3% at site 1, 46.5% and 30.1% at site 2, and 41.6% and 32.7% at site 3, respectively. Delayed side-stem pruning after stem training requires a high labor load, indicating a difference in labor demand according to the crop growth status of each greenhouse. In site 2, the higher daily temperature resulted in a higher stem elongation rate; consequently, the number of days to reach a stem length of 15 cm was shorter in this site than in the other sites. There was a strong positive relationship between stem length and labor hours spent on stem training, pruning, and harvesting (r > 0.98), and a significant linear relationship was also observed between labor hours and the increase in stem height (p < 0.01). The result of this study is a model that can predict the labor hours required per unit area using the time coefficients of each work stage based on the change in the stem growth rate to GDD.

Keywords

Capsicum annuum L.

greenhouse management

growing degree days

labor model

working stage

본 연구는 상용화된 유리온실에서 재배되는 파프리카의 정식 후 일수와 생육도일(growing degree days, GDD)에 따른 유인, 정지, 수확 작업의 투여되는 노동시간과 초장과의 관계를 분석하고, 초장에 따른 노동시간을 추정하기 위한 모델을 개발하였다. 대규모 파프리카 유리온실(site 1, 2, 3; 1ha 이상)에서 재배과정에 투여되는 작업종류에 따른 작업시간은 인력관리 프로그램을 통해 수집하였고 생장량, 착과량, 수확량을 조사하였다. 가지과 채소류의 여러 작업 단계 중 파프리카의 유인, 측지 정지, 수확에 투여된 노동시간의 총 비율은 70.4%로 가장 높았으며, 온실 재배관리에 있어서 전체노동시간 대비 3가지 작업에 투여되는 노동시간의 비율이 가장 높았다. 정식 후 일수에 따른 파프리카 초장의 신장율은 온실에 따라 유의적인 차이를 나타냈으나(p = 0.008), 세 온실에서 생육도일에 따른 초장의 신장율은 유의적 차이가 없었으며(p = 0.331), 초장이 15cm 신장에 필요한 생육도일은 148.5°Cd이었다. 단위면적당 수확량은 생육도일과 유의적인 선형관계를 나타냈으며, 평균온도가 높은 site 2에서 GDD에 따른 수확량의 증가율이 가장 높았다. 유인, 정지 및 수확작업의 1,000m² 당 노동시간에서 측지 정지와 수확에 투입되는 각각 노동시간의 비율이 각 온실별로 site 1은 38.7%와 33.3%, site 2는 46.5%와 30.1%, 그리고 site 3는 41.6%와 32.7%로 수확시간보다 측지 정지작업에 노동부하가 더 높았다. 유인 후 측지 제거가 지연되면 더 많은 노동력이 투입되어, 각 온실의 작물 생육상태에 따라 노동력 소요에 차이를 나타냈다. 초장의 신장율이 높은 온실의 경우 재배기간의 24시간 평균온도가 다른 온실보다 높게 나타났다. 초장과 재배관리 작업인 유인, 정지와 단위면적당 수확량은 강한 정의 상관(r > 0.98)을 나타냈고, 초장 증가에 따른 노동 시간도 유의적인 선형관계를 나타냈다(p < 0.01). 본 연구 결과는 생육도일에 따른 초장의 생장량 변화와 초장의 신장량 변화에 따른 작업단계별 시간계수를 이용하여 단위면적 당 노동시간을 예측할 수 있는 모델로서, 온실내부 평균온도에 따른 수확, 적심, 유인작업들의 간격과 이에 따른 작업소요시간을 예측할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

키워드

Capsicum annuum L.

온실관리

생육도일

노동시간 예측모델

작업단계

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Information

Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
Publisher(Ko) :원예과학기술지
Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
Volume : 40
No :4
Pages :388-399
Received Date : 2021-12-15
Revised Date : 2022-04-14
Accepted Date : 2022-05-16
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20220035

Horticultural Science and Technology ISSN:1226-8763(Print) 2465-8588(Online) 원예과학기술지

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