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2016 Vol.34, Issue 5
Gene Expression as Related to Ripening in High Temperature during Different Coloration Stages of ‘Haryejosaeng’ and ‘Shiranuhi’ Mandarin Fruits

온주밀감 ‘하례조생’과 ‘부지화’ 과실의 착색 단계별 고온에 의한 성숙 관련 유전자의 발현 변화

Soon Young Ahn1
,
Seon Ae Kim1
,
Young-Eel Moon2
,
Hae Keun Yun1*
안 순영1
,
김 선애1
,
문 영일2
,
윤 해근1*
1Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University
2Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science
1영남대학교 원예생명과학과
2농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소
*교신저자. *Corresponding Author. 
31 October 2016. pp. 665-676
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Abstract

As high temperature during citrus growing season has caused a serious problems including inferior coloration in production of mandarins in Korea, we were to investigate the expression pattern of several genes related with coloration during the ripening in high temperature condition of citrus fruits. The expression of genes related with sugar metabolism, cell wall degradation, and flavonoid synthesis in high temperature conditions was investigated in fruits of ‘Haryejosaeng’ (Citrus unshiu) and ‘Shiranuhi’ mandarin (C. reticulata). While the expression of beta-amylase (BMY ), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H ) was differently induced, expression of polygalacturonase (PG) decreased dependently on temperature conditions. In ‘Haryejosaeng’ mandarin, while the expression of genes related to the skin coloration, such as CHS and F3H genes increased at 25°C, the expression of PAL and stilbene synthase (STS ) genes were induced at 30-35°C in all ripening stages. In ‘Shiranuhi’ mandarin, the expression of the BMY gene decreased at early time point in all temperature condition and then increased at 30-35°C than at 25°C in the ripening stage 2 to 3 of fruits. F3H and STS genes also showed the tendency to decrease at 30-35°C. Although the expression levels of genes in ripening stage 1 and stage 2 of fruits showed similar patterns in both ‘Haryejosaeng’ and ‘Shiranuhi’, the expression levels of genes were down-regulated in late ripening stage of ‘Shiranuhi’ fruits compared to ‘Haryejosaeng’. In general, the mRNA levels of seven tested genes were higher in ‘Haryejosaeng’ than in ‘Shiranuhi’ mandarin, and expression of genes by high temperature was regulated sensitively in ‘Haryejosaeng’ compared to ‘Shiranuhi’ mandarin. Further investigations of expression of various genes based on transcriptome analysis in early ripening stage can provide valuable information about the responses to climatic changes in ripening citrus fruits.

Keywords
Anthocyanin
Citrus reticulata
C. unshiu
global warming
high temperature
inferior coloration

본 연구에서는 기후변화로 인한 온도상승에 따른 과실 착색 불량 등의 문제를 해결하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 고온에 의해 과피에서 발현되는 유전자들의 발현 양상 특성을 분석하였다. ‘하례조생’과 ‘부지화’ 감귤 과실을 숙기 별로 수확하여 온도 조건(25, 30, 35°C)을 처리하고 당대사, 과피 착색, 세포벽 연화에 관련된 유전자들의 발현을 확인하였다. 유전자들은 ‘하례조생’과 ‘부지화’에서 각각 다른 양상으로 발현하였는데, beta-amylase(BMY), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL), chalcone synthase(CHS), flavanone 3-hydroxylase(F3H) 등의 유전자 발현은 대체적으로 유도되었고, polygalacturonase(PG) 유전자는 발현이 감소되는 경향이었다. ‘하례조생’은 과피 착색과 관련된 유전자인 CHS와 F3H는 성숙이 진행된 2-3단계에서 25°C에 비해 고온에서 유전자 발현이 감소하였으며, PAL과 stilbene synthase(STS) 유전자는 25°C에 비해 30-35°C 처리구에서 유전자 발현이 증가하였다. 2-3단계의 ‘부지화’에서는 BMY 유전자가 25°C에 비해 30-35°C에서 유전자 발현이 증가하였으며, F3H와 STS 유전자의 발현은 과실 성숙단계에서 모두 감소하는 경향이었고 온도의 영향은 크지 않았다. 성숙 1, 2단계에서 유전자의 발현 양상은 두 품종 모두에서 대체로 비슷한 경향이었는데, 3단계에서 ‘부지화’ 과실의 유전자 발현은 ‘하례조생’과는 다르게 감소하는 경향이었다. 성숙이 진행되는 감귤류인 ‘하례조생’에서 ‘부지화’에 비해 7종류의 유전자의 발현이 많았으며, 고온에 따른 반응의 차이도 크게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 도출한 결과를 바탕으로 과실의 전사체를 분석함으로써 고온에 의한 감귤 과실의 성숙불량 문제를 이해하는 주요한 정보를 획득할 수 있을 것이다

키워드
안토시아닌
Citrus reticulata
C. unshiu
기후변화
고온
착색불량
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국원예학회
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Volume : 34
  • No :5
  • Pages :665-676
  • Received Date : 2016-04-18
  • Revised Date : 2016-04-19
  • Accepted Date : 2016-05-03
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20160070
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