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2023 Vol.41, Issue 1 Preview Page

Research Article

Prediction of Fruit Maturity with Starch Pattern Index in Korean Apple Cultivars

국내 육성 사과품종들의 전분지수를 통한 과실 성숙기 예측

Jingi Yoo12†
,
Jung-Geun Kwon2†
,
In-Kyu Kang2*
유 진기12†
,
권 중근2†
,
강 인규2*
1Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA
2Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
1워싱턴주립대학교 과수연구소
2경북대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예과학과
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
28 February 2023. pp. 27-35
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the starch loss pattern and to estimate the maturity indices and harvest time of the five Korean apple cultivars (‘RubyS’, ‘Arisoo’, ‘Hwangok’, ‘Picnic’, and ‘Colorpple’) in association with the changes of fruit quality attributes using a Cornell starch pattern index (SPI) analysis method (1-8 scores) and SPI chart development for domestic use. In 5 apple cultivars, the increase in SPI was directly related with the increase in fruit weight and soluble solids content and the decrease in flesh firmness and titratable acidity. For fruit peel coloration, the decrease in L* (indicator for brightness) and b* (indicator for yellowness) was strongly associated with the increase in SPI. In addition, the increase in a* (indicator for redness) was associated with the increase in SPI in all apple cultivars, except ‘Hwangok’, a yellow apple cultivar. A slight increase in internal ethylene concentration was also observed in all cultivars while the SPI was increased. Interestingly, the changes of SPI were different depending on each apple cultivar. Averagely, ‘RubyS’, ‘Arisoo’, ‘Hwangok’, and ‘Picnic’ apples took 3, 4, 5, and 7 days, and 7, 5, 7, and 7 days to change the SPI from 6 to 7 and from 7 to 8 scores, respectively. However, ‘Colorpple’ apple took about 10 days each to change the SPI from 6 to 7 and from 7 to 8 scores. Therefore, this study suggested that the development of SPI chart could be used as basic data to estimate the fruit maturity and harvest time of domestic apple cultivars.

Keywords
ethylene
fruit peel color
fruit quality attributes
harvest time
Malus domestica

본 연구는 국내 육성 사과인 ‘루비에스’, ‘아리수’, ‘황옥’, ‘피크닉’, ‘컬러플’ 등 5품종을 대상으로 전분이 소실되는 패턴을 확인하고 코넬대학교 전분지수(starch pattern index: SPI, 1-8)에 따른 과실품질 평가, 성숙정도, 수확시기 구명 및 국내 활용을 위한 SPI 차트를 만들고자 하였다. SPI에 따른 수확 시 과실품질을 보면, 5개 품종 모두에서 SPI가 증가함에 따라 과중과 가용성 고형물 함량은 증가한 반면에, 경도와 산 함량은 감소하였다. 과피의 색 변화는 황색사과인 ‘황옥’ 사과를 제외한 모든 품종의 사과에서 전분지수가 증가할수록 색의 밝기를 나타내는 L* 값과 황색도를 나타내는 b* 값은 감소하였으나 적색도를 나타내는 a* 값은 증가하였다. 에틸렌 발생량은 SPI가 증가함에 따라 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 그 발생량은 미미하였다. 각 품종별 SPI는 모두 radical 패턴을 나타내었으며, 수확시기가 빠른 기준으로 ‘루비에스’, ‘아리수’, ‘황옥’, ‘피크닉’, 그리고 ‘컬러플’ 사과의 SPI가 6에서 7로 변화되는데 소요기간은 각각 3일, 4일, 5일, 7일, 10일이, SPI가 7에서 8로 변화되는데 소요기간은 각각 7일, 5일, 7일, 7일, 10일이 소요되어 품종에 따라 SPI가 변화되는 소요 일수는 많은 차이를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 국내 육성품종의 SPI 차트개발에 따른 과실의 성숙도 평가와 수확시기를 설정할 수 있는 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

키워드
에틸렌
과피 착색
과실 품질
수확시기
Malus domestica
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국원예학회
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Volume : 41
  • No :1
  • Pages :27-35
  • Received Date : 2022-05-12
  • Revised Date : 2022-05-28
  • Accepted Date : 2022-06-22
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20230003
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