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Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Growth and Physicochemical Characteristics of Coir Substrates Used for Hydroponic Cultivation

재활용 코이어 배지를 이용한 수경재배 배지의 이화학성 특성 및 가지 생육

Ji-Hee Jeong1†
,
Seo-A Yoon2†
,
Ba-Ul Ko1
,
Hyo-Jun Bae1
,
Ho-Cheol Kim134
,
Yang-Gyu Ku134
,
Se-Woong An5
,
Chul-Min Kim134
,
Jong-Hyang Bae134*
정 지희1†
,
윤 서아2†
,
고 바울1
,
배 효준1
,
김 호철134
,
구 양규134
,
안 세웅5
,
김 철민134
,
배 종향134*
1Department of Horticulture Industry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
2Department of Agriculture and Life Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul 03087, Korea
3Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
4Institute of Plant Breeding Research, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
5Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Korea
1원광대학교 원예산업학과
2한국방송통신대학교 농학과
3원광대학교 생명자원과학연구소
4원광대학교 식물육종연구소
5국립한국농수산대학교 채소학과
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
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Abstract

The goal of this study is (1) to determine the physicochemical characteristics of substrates according to their mixing ratios by grinding coir substrate used once in tomato hydroponics and mixing this material with perlite, and (2) to use the resulting material a hydroponic cultivation substrate for eggplants. The mixing ratios of the used coir and perlite on a volume basis were 70:30 (UC7P3), 50:50 (UC5P5), 30:70 (UC3P7), and 10:90 (UC1P9), with commercially available coir slab [dust:chip = 50:50(v/v)] and perlite slab (100%) used as control substrates. The total porosity was in the proper range of 89.6-95.6% for all substrates. However, the container capacity was highest in UC7P3 at 52.1%, and the air porosity was the highest in perlite at 58.2%. The air porosity rates of all treatments were high, and the container capacity was in the low range. The pH was in the proper range of 5.6 – 6.1 for on all substrates except for the perlite cases, and the EC contents increased as the perlite content was decreased. The NO3-N, NH4-N, P2O5, Ca and CEC levels increased as the ratio of used coir increased, and exchangeable cations (K, Na, Mg) levels also increased as the coir ratio was increased. An investigation of eggplant growth results showed no certain trends among the mixed substrates, but the coir cases had the lowest plant height, SPAD, stem fresh and dry weight values. The fruit yield was highest in the UC7P3 and UC5P5 cases at 10.6, and the weight per plant, fruit diameter, and marketable were the highest in UC5P5. Therefore, when using coir substrates as hydroponic substrates, it is expected that the yield and marketable value will be better when adding perlite at a ratio of 50:50 (v:v).

Keywords
air porosity
container capacity
particle density
recycled substrate
total porosity

본 연구는 토마토 수경재배에서 1회 사용한 코이어 배지를 마쇄한 후 펄라이트와 혼합하여 혼합비율에 따른 배지의 이화학성을 파악하고, 향후 가지 수경재배 배지로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 배지의 종류는 1년 사용한 코이어 배지와 펄라이트를 70:30(UC7P3), 50:50(UC5P5), 30:70(UC3P7) 및 10:90(UC1P9, v:v)로 혼합한 4처리와 시판되는 코이어 배지를 대조구1(BioGrow, dust:chip = 50:50(v:v), Coir)로 펄라이트 배지(Perlite)를 대조구2로 총 6처리로 하였다. 배지의 공극률은 89.6–95.6 범위로 모든 처리구에서 적정범위를 보였으나, 용기용수량은 UC7P3이 52.1%로 가장 높았고, 기상율은 Perlite에서 58.2%로 가장 높았는데, 모든 처리구의 기상율은 높고, 용기용수량은 낮은 범위를 보였다. 배지의 pH는 Perlite를 제외한 모든 처리구에서 5.6–6.1%의 범위를 보였고, EC는 펄라이트 함량이 증가할수록 낮아졌다. NO3-N과 NH4-N, P2O5, Ca2+, CEC 값은 사용된 코이어의 비율이 높을수록 값이 높아졌으며, K+, Na+, Mg2+함량은 코이어 비율이 늘어날수록 높았다. 가지의 생육 조사결과 혼합배지 간의 특별한 경향은 없었으나 Coir에서 초장, SPAD, 줄기 생체중 및 건물중이 가장 낮았다. 과실 수량은 UC7P3과 UC5P5에서 10.6개로 가장 많았고, 주당 무게와 과경, 상품률은 UC5P5 가장 높았다. 따라서 사용된 코이어 배지를 가지 고형배지경으로 이용할 경우 펄라이트와 50:50(v:v)로 혼합하였을 때 수량과 상품성이 좋을 것으로 판단된다.

키워드
기상률
용기용수량
입자밀도
재활용 배지
공극률
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국원예학회
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Received Date : 2025-04-29
  • Revised Date : 2025-06-24
  • Accepted Date : 2025-07-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20250058
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